Ci gabanresin polyester mara cikakkenSamfuran suna da tarihin fiye da shekaru 70. A cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, samfuran resin polyester marasa cika sun bunƙasa cikin sauri dangane da fitarwa da matakin fasaha. Tunda tsoffin samfuran resin polyester marasa cika sun haɓaka zuwa ɗaya daga cikin manyan nau'ikan masana'antar resin thermosetting. A lokacin haɓaka resin polyester marasa cika, bayanan fasaha kan haƙƙin mallaka na samfura, mujallu na kasuwanci, littattafan fasaha, da sauransu suna fitowa ɗaya bayan ɗaya. Zuwa yanzu, akwai ɗaruruwan haƙƙin mallaka na ƙirƙira kowace shekara, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da resin polyester marasa cika. Ana iya ganin cewa samarwa da fasahar amfani da resin polyester marasa cika ya ƙara girma tare da haɓaka samarwa, kuma a hankali ya ƙirƙiri tsarin fasaha na musamman da cikakke na samarwa da ka'idar aikace-aikace. A cikin tsarin haɓakawa na baya, resin polyester marasa cika sun ba da gudummawa ta musamman ga amfani gabaɗaya. A nan gaba, zai haɓaka zuwa wasu fannoni na musamman, kuma a lokaci guda, farashin resins na gabaɗaya zai ragu. Ga wasu nau'ikan resin polyester marasa cikawa masu ban sha'awa da ban sha'awa, waɗanda suka haɗa da: resin mai ƙarancin raguwa, resin mai hana harshen wuta, resin mai tauri, resin mai ƙarancin styrene, resin mai jure tsatsa, resin mai laushi, resin mai laushi Resin polyester marasa cikawa, resin mai rahusa tare da halaye na musamman, da kuma yatsu masu aiki masu inganci waɗanda aka haɗa da sabbin kayan aiki da hanyoyin aiki.
1. Ƙaramin raguwar resin
Wannan nau'in resin na iya zama tsohon batu. Resin polyester mara cika yana tare da babban raguwa yayin warkarwa, kuma yawan raguwar girma gabaɗaya shine 6-10%. Wannan raguwar na iya lalacewa ko ma fashe kayan, ba a cikin tsarin matsewa ba (SMC, BMC). Don shawo kan wannan gazawar, galibi ana amfani da resin thermoplastic azaman ƙarin ƙarami. An ba da takardar izinin mallaka a wannan yanki ga DuPont a cikin 1934, lambar lasisin US 1.945,307. Takardar izinin mallakar ta bayyana copolymerization na dibasic antelopelic acid tare da mahaɗan vinyl. A bayyane yake, a lokacin, wannan takardar shaidar ta fara fasahar rage raguwar raguwar raguwar raguwar kwararar polyester. Tun daga lokacin, mutane da yawa sun sadaukar da kansu ga nazarin tsarin copolymer, waɗanda a lokacin aka ɗauke su a matsayin ƙarfe na filastik. A cikin 1966, an fara amfani da resins ɗin Marco masu ƙarancin raguwar raguwar raguwar raguwar raguwar raguwar raguwar raguwar raguwar raguwar raguwar raguwar farashi a masana'antu.
Daga baya Ƙungiyar Masana'antar Plastics ta kira wannan samfurin "SMC", wanda ke nufin mahaɗin gyaran takarda, kuma mahaɗin premix ɗinsa mai ƙarancin raguwa "BMC" yana nufin mahaɗin gyaran girma. Ga zanen SMC, gabaɗaya ana buƙatar sassan da aka ƙera da resin suna da juriya mai kyau, sassauci da sheki mai daraja A, kuma ya kamata a guji ƙananan fasa a saman, wanda ke buƙatar resin da aka daidaita ya sami ƙarancin raguwa. Tabbas, haƙƙin mallaka da yawa tun daga lokacin sun inganta da inganta wannan fasaha, kuma fahimtar hanyar tasirin ƙarancin raguwa ya fara girma a hankali, kuma nau'ikan wakilai masu ƙarancin raguwa ko ƙarin ƙari masu ƙarancin fasali sun bayyana kamar yadda lokaci ke buƙata. Ƙarin ƙari masu ƙarancin raguwa da ake amfani da su galibi sune polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate da makamantansu.
2. Resin mai hana harshen wuta
Wani lokaci kayan hana wuta suna da mahimmanci kamar ceton magunguna, kuma kayan hana wuta na iya gujewa ko rage faruwar bala'o'i. A Turai, adadin mace-macen gobara ya ragu da kusan kashi 20% a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata saboda amfani da kayan hana wuta. Tsaron kayan hana wuta da kansa ma yana da matukar muhimmanci. Tsarin aiki ne mai jinkiri da wahala don daidaita nau'in kayan da ake amfani da su a masana'antu. A halin yanzu, Al'ummar Turai tana da kuma gudanar da kimanta haɗari akan yawancin masu hana wuta na halogen da halogen-phosphorus, waɗanda da yawa daga cikinsu za a kammala su tsakanin 2004 da 2006. A halin yanzu, ƙasarmu gabaɗaya tana amfani da diols masu ɗauke da chlorine ko bromine ko madadin halogen acid dibasic a matsayin kayan aiki don shirya resins masu hana wuta mai amsawa. Masu hana wuta na halogen za su samar da hayaki mai yawa lokacin ƙonewa, kuma suna tare da samar da hydrogen halide mai tayar da hankali. Hayaki mai yawa da hayaki mai guba da aka samar yayin aikin ƙonewa suna haifar da babbar illa ga mutane.
Fiye da kashi 80% na hadurran gobara suna faruwa ne sakamakon wannan. Wani rashin amfani da sinadarin bromine ko hydrogen shine cewa iskar gas mai lalata muhalli da gurɓata muhalli za a samar da su lokacin da aka ƙone su, wanda zai haifar da lalacewar kayan lantarki. Amfani da sinadarai masu hana harshen wuta marasa tsari kamar su alumina mai ruwa-ruwa, magnesium, canopy, molybdenum mahadi da sauran sinadarai masu hana harshen wuta na iya samar da ƙarancin hayaki da ƙarancin guba na resin mai hana harshen wuta, kodayake suna da tasirin hana hayaki a bayyane. Duk da haka, idan adadin sinadaran da ke hana harshen wuta marasa tsari ya yi yawa, ba wai kawai ɗanɗanon resin zai ƙaru ba, wanda ba shi da amfani ga gini, har ma lokacin da aka ƙara yawan sinadarin mai hana harshen wuta a cikin resin, zai shafi ƙarfin injina da halayen lantarki na resin bayan ya warke.
A halin yanzu, yawancin takardun izinin shiga ƙasashen waje sun ba da rahoton fasahar amfani da masu hana harshen wuta da aka yi da phosphorus don samar da resins masu rage harshen wuta marasa guba da ƙarancin hayaƙi. Masu hana harshen wuta da aka yi da phosphorus suna da tasirin rage harshen wuta mai yawa. Ana iya haɗa sinadarin metaphosphoric acid da aka samar yayin ƙonewa zuwa yanayin polymer mai ƙarfi, yana samar da Layer mai kariya, yana rufe saman abin ƙonewa, yana ware iskar oxygen, yana haɓaka bushewa da carbonization na saman resin, da kuma samar da fim mai kariya da aka yi da carbon. Ta haka ne hana ƙonewa kuma a lokaci guda ana iya amfani da masu hana harshen wuta da aka yi da phosphorus tare da masu hana harshen wuta na halogen, wanda ke da tasirin haɗin gwiwa a bayyane. Tabbas, alkiblar bincike na gaba na resin mai hana harshen wuta ita ce ƙarancin hayaki, ƙarancin guba da ƙarancin farashi. Resin da ya dace ba shi da hayaki, ƙarancin guba, ƙarancin farashi, ba ya shafar resin, yana da halaye na zahiri, baya buƙatar ƙara ƙarin kayan aiki, kuma ana iya samar da shi kai tsaye a masana'antar samar da resin.
3. Resin mai tauri
Idan aka kwatanta da asalin nau'in resin polyester mara cika, ƙarfin resin na yanzu ya inganta sosai. Duk da haka, tare da ci gaban masana'antar resin polyester mara cika, an gabatar da sabbin buƙatu don aikin resin mara cika, musamman dangane da tauri. Karfin resin mara cika bayan an gama narkewa ya kusan zama babbar matsala da ke takaita haɓakar resin mara cika. Ko samfurin hannu ne da aka yi da siminti ko samfurin da aka yi da siminti ko na rauni, tsawaitawa a lokacin karyewa ya zama muhimmiyar alama don kimanta ingancin kayayyakin resin.
A halin yanzu, wasu masana'antun ƙasashen waje suna amfani da hanyar ƙara resin mai cike da sinadarai don inganta tauri. Kamar ƙara polyester mai cike da sinadarai, robar styrene-butadiene da robar styrene-butadiene mai ƙarewa (suo-) carboxy-endated (suo-) styrene-butadiene, da sauransu, wannan hanyar tana cikin hanyar tauri ta zahiri. Hakanan ana iya amfani da ita don shigar da polymers na toshe a cikin babban sarkar polyester mara cika, kamar tsarin hanyar shiga ciki wanda resin polyester mara cika da resin epoxy da resin polyurethane suka samar, wanda ke inganta ƙarfin tauri da ƙarfin tasirin resin sosai. Wannan hanyar tauri ta ƙunshi hanyar tauri ta sinadarai. Hakanan ana iya amfani da haɗin tauri ta zahiri da tauri ta sinadarai, kamar haɗa polyester mara cika da sinadarai masu ƙarfi da kayan da ba su da ƙarfi don cimma sassaucin da ake so.
A halin yanzu, ana amfani da zanen SMC sosai a masana'antar kera motoci saboda sauƙin nauyinsu, ƙarfinsu mai yawa, juriyar tsatsa, da sassaucin ƙira. Ga muhimman sassa kamar allon mota, ƙofofi na baya, da allon waje, ana buƙatar ingantaccen tauri, kamar allon waje na mota. Masu gadi na iya lanƙwasawa zuwa wani ɗan lokaci kaɗan kuma su koma ga siffarsu ta asali bayan ɗan tasiri. Ƙara tauri na resin sau da yawa yakan rasa wasu kaddarorin resin, kamar tauri, ƙarfin lanƙwasa, juriyar zafi, da saurin warkarwa yayin gini. Inganta tauri na resin ba tare da rasa wasu kaddarorin da ke cikin resin ba ya zama muhimmin batu a cikin bincike da haɓaka resin polyester mara cika.
4. Ƙaramin resin mai canzawa na styrene
A yayin da ake sarrafa resin polyester mara cika, styrene mai guba mai canzawa zai haifar da babbar illa ga lafiyar ma'aikatan gini. A lokaci guda, ana fitar da styrene cikin iska, wanda hakan kuma zai haifar da gurɓataccen iska mai tsanani. Saboda haka, hukumomi da yawa suna iyakance yawan styrene da aka yarda da shi a cikin iskar wurin aikin samarwa. Misali, a Amurka, matakin fallasa da aka yarda da shi (matakin fallasa da aka yarda da shi) shine 50ppm, yayin da a Switzerland ƙimar PEL ɗinsa shine 25ppm, irin wannan ƙarancin abun ciki ba abu ne mai sauƙi ba. Dogaro da iska mai ƙarfi shima yana da iyaka. A lokaci guda, iska mai ƙarfi zai kuma haifar da asarar styrene daga saman samfurin da kuma rage yawan styrene zuwa iska. Saboda haka, don nemo hanyar rage rage styrene, daga tushen, har yanzu yana da mahimmanci a kammala wannan aikin a masana'antar samar da resin. Wannan yana buƙatar haɓaka resins masu ƙarancin canjin yanayin styrene (LSE) waɗanda ba sa gurɓata ko ƙazanta iska sosai, ko resins ɗin polyester marasa cikawa waɗanda ba su da monomers na styrene.
Rage yawan monomers masu canzawa ya kasance wani batu da masana'antar resin polyester marasa cikawa ta ƙasashen waje ta ƙirƙiro a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa da ake amfani da su a halin yanzu: (1) hanyar ƙara ƙananan masu hana canzawa; (2) ƙirƙirar resin polyester marasa cikawa ba tare da monomers na styrene ba yana amfani da divinyl, vinylmethylbenzene, α-methyl Styrene don maye gurbin monomers na vinyl waɗanda ke ɗauke da monomers na styrene; (3) Tsarin resin polyester marasa cikawa tare da monomers masu ƙarancin styrene shine amfani da monomers na sama da monomers na styrene tare, kamar amfani da diallyl phthalate Amfani da monomers na vinyl masu tafasa sosai kamar esters da acrylic copolymers tare da monomers na styrene: (4) Wata hanya don rage volatilization na styrene ita ce gabatar da wasu raka'a kamar dicyclopentadiene da abubuwan da suka samo asali zuwa cikin polyester marasa cikawa. Kwakwalwar Resin, don cimma ƙarancin danko, kuma a ƙarshe rage yawan styrene monomer.
A wajen neman hanyar magance matsalar styrene volatilization, ya zama dole a yi la'akari da yadda resin zai yi aiki ga hanyoyin ƙera kayayyaki kamar feshi a saman ƙasa, tsarin lamination, tsarin ƙera SMC, farashin kayan da ake buƙata don samar da kayayyaki a masana'antu, da kuma dacewa da tsarin resin. , Resin reactivity, viscosity, technical properties of resin bayan ƙera kayayyaki, da sauransu. A ƙasata, babu wata doka bayyananna kan takaita styrene volatilization. Duk da haka, tare da inganta rayuwar mutane da kuma inganta wayar da kan jama'a game da lafiyarsu da kare muhalli, lokaci ne kawai kafin a buƙaci dokokin da suka dace ga ƙasar da ba ta da isasshen abinci kamar mu.
5. Resin mai jure lalata
Ɗaya daga cikin manyan amfani da resin polyester marasa cikawa shine juriyarsu ga tsatsa ga sinadarai kamar su sinadarai masu narkewa na halitta, acid, tushe, da gishiri. Dangane da gabatarwar ƙwararrun cibiyar sadarwa ta resin marasa cikawa, resins masu jure tsatsa na yanzu an raba su zuwa rukuni kamar haka: (1) nau'in o-benzene; (2) nau'in iso-benzene; (3) nau'in p-benzene; (4) nau'in bisphenol A; (5) nau'in Vinyl ester; da sauransu kamar nau'in xylene, nau'in mahaɗin da ke ɗauke da halogen, da sauransu. Bayan shekaru da yawa na ci gaba da bincike daga tsararraki da dama na masana kimiyya, an yi nazari sosai kan tsatsa ta resin da hanyar juriya ga tsatsa. Ana gyara resin ta hanyoyi daban-daban, kamar gabatar da kwarangwal na kwayoyin halitta wanda ke da wahalar tsayayya da tsatsa zuwa resin polyester mara cikawa, ko amfani da polyester mara cikawa, vinyl ester da isocyanate don samar da tsarin hanyar sadarwa mai shiga tsakani, wanda yake da matukar muhimmanci don inganta juriyar tsatsa na resin. Juriyar tsatsa tana da tasiri sosai, kuma resin da hanyar haɗa resin acid ke samarwa na iya samun ingantaccen juriya ga tsatsa.
Idan aka kwatanta daresin epoxy,Sauƙin sarrafa resin polyester marasa cikawa da kuma sauƙin sarrafawa sun zama manyan fa'idodi. A cewar ƙwararrun resin net marasa cikawa, juriyar tsatsa na resin polyester mara cikawa, musamman juriyar alkali, ya yi ƙasa da na resin epoxy. Ba za a iya maye gurbin resin epoxy ba. A halin yanzu, ƙaruwar benaye masu hana tsatsa ya haifar da damammaki da ƙalubale ga resin polyester marasa cikawa. Saboda haka, haɓaka resins na musamman masu hana tsatsa yana da fa'idodi masu yawa.
Gel coat yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin kayan haɗin gwiwa. Ba wai kawai yana taka rawa a kan saman samfuran FRP ba, har ma yana taka rawa a cikin juriyar lalacewa, juriyar tsufa da juriyar lalata sinadarai. A cewar ƙwararru daga cibiyar sadarwa ta resin mara cika, alkiblar haɓaka resin coat gel shine ƙirƙirar resin coat gel tare da ƙarancin volatilization na styrene, ingantaccen bushewar iska da juriyar tsatsa mai ƙarfi. Akwai babbar kasuwa don gashin gel mai jure zafi a cikin resin coat gel. Idan an nutsar da kayan FRP na dogon lokaci a cikin ruwan zafi, ƙuraje za su bayyana a saman. A lokaci guda, saboda shigar ruwa a hankali cikin kayan haɗin gwiwa, ƙurajen saman za su faɗaɗa a hankali. Ƙuraje ba za su shafi kawai ba. Bayyanar gashin gel zai rage ƙarfin samfurin a hankali.
Kamfanin Cook Composites da Polymers Co. na Kansas, Amurka, yana amfani da hanyoyin da aka gama amfani da epoxy da glycidyl ether don ƙera resin gel mai ƙarancin ɗanko da kuma juriyar ruwa da narkewa mai kyau. Bugu da ƙari, kamfanin yana amfani da polyether polyol-modified da epoxy-endified resin A (resin mai sassauƙa) da dicyclopentadiene (DCPD)-modified resin B (resin mai tauri), waɗanda duka suna da Bayan haɗawa, resin mai juriya da ruwa ba wai kawai zai iya samun juriyar ruwa mai kyau ba, har ma yana da ƙarfi da ƙarfi. Magunguna ko wasu abubuwa masu ƙarancin ƙwayoyin halitta suna shiga cikin tsarin kayan FRP ta hanyar layin gel, suna zama resin mai juriya da ruwa tare da kyawawan halaye masu kyau.
7. Resin polyester mai laushi wanda ba shi da cikakken haske
Halayen hasken resin polyester mara cikawa sune tsawon rai da saurin warkarwa. Resin polyester mara cikawa na iya cika buƙatun iyakance saurin wargaza styrene ta hanyar wargaza haske. Saboda ci gaban na'urorin haske da na'urorin haske, an shimfida harsashin samar da resins masu warkewa. An samar da resins polyester marasa cikawa daban-daban cikin nasara kuma an sanya su cikin adadi mai yawa. An inganta halayen kayan, aikin sarrafawa da juriyar lalacewa ta saman, kuma an inganta ingancin samarwa ta hanyar amfani da wannan tsari.
8. Resin mai rahusa tare da kaddarorin musamman
Irin waɗannan resins sun haɗa da resins mai kumfa da resin ruwa. A halin yanzu, ƙarancin makamashin itace yana ƙaruwa a cikin kewayon. Akwai kuma ƙarancin ƙwararrun ma'aikata da ke aiki a masana'antar sarrafa itace, kuma ana ƙara biyan waɗannan ma'aikata. Irin waɗannan yanayi suna haifar da yanayi don injiniyan robobi su shiga kasuwar katako. Za a haɓaka resins mai kumfa mara cika da resins masu ɗauke da ruwa a matsayin katako na wucin gadi a masana'antar kayan daki saboda ƙarancin farashi da ƙarfinsu. Aikace-aikacen zai yi jinkiri a farko, sannan tare da ci gaba da haɓaka fasahar sarrafawa, za a haɓaka wannan aikace-aikacen cikin sauri.
Ana iya yin kumfa mai ƙura don yin kumfa mai ƙura wanda za a iya amfani da shi azaman bango, masu raba bandaki da aka riga aka ƙirƙira, da ƙari. Tauri da ƙarfin filastik mai kura tare da kumfa mai ƙura a matsayin matrix sun fi na kumfa mai ƙura; yana da sauƙin sarrafawa fiye da kumfa mai kura; farashin ya fi ƙasa da na filastik polyurethane mai kura, kuma ƙara masu hana harshen wuta na iya sa shi mai hana harshen wuta da hana tsufa. Duk da cewa an haɓaka fasahar amfani da kurajen gaba ɗaya, ba a ba da kulawa sosai ga amfani da kumfa mai kurajen polyester a cikin kayan daki ba. Bayan bincike, wasu masana'antun resin suna da babban sha'awar ƙirƙirar wannan sabon nau'in kayan. Wasu manyan matsaloli (fata, tsarin zuma, dangantakar lokaci mai kurajen gel, sarrafa lanƙwasa na exothermic ba a warware su gaba ɗaya ba kafin samar da kasuwanci. Har sai an sami amsa, ana iya amfani da wannan resin ne kawai saboda ƙarancin farashi a masana'antar kayan daki. Da zarar an magance waɗannan matsalolin, za a yi amfani da wannan resin sosai a fannoni kamar kayan hana harshen wuta mai kura maimakon kawai amfani da tattalin arzikinsa.
Za a iya raba resin polyester mara cikawa mai ɗauke da ruwa zuwa nau'i biyu: nau'in da ke narkewa cikin ruwa da nau'in emulsion. Tun farkon shekarun 1960 a ƙasashen waje, akwai takardun shaida da rahotannin adabi a wannan fanni. Resin mai ɗauke da ruwa shine ƙara ruwa a matsayin cika resin polyester mara cikawa a cikin resin kafin gel na resin, kuma yawan ruwan zai iya kaiwa har zuwa 50%. Irin wannan resin ana kiransa resin WEP. Resin yana da halaye na ƙarancin farashi, nauyi mai sauƙi bayan an warke, kyakkyawan jinkirin harshen wuta da ƙarancin raguwa. Ci gaba da bincike na resin mai ɗauke da ruwa a ƙasata ya fara ne a cikin shekarun 1980, kuma ya daɗe yana aiki. Dangane da amfani, an yi amfani da shi azaman wakili mai ɗaurewa. Resin polyester mara cikawa sabon nau'in UPR ne. Fasaha a dakin gwaje-gwaje tana ƙara girma, amma akwai ƙarancin bincike kan aikace-aikacen. Matsalolin da ake buƙatar ƙarin magancewa sune kwanciyar hankali na emulsion, wasu matsaloli a cikin tsarin warkarwa da ƙira, da kuma matsalar amincewa da abokin ciniki. Gabaɗaya, resin polyester mai nauyin tan 10,000 wanda ba shi da cikakken ruwa zai iya samar da kimanin tan 600 na ruwan shara kowace shekara. Idan aka yi amfani da raguwar da ake samu a tsarin samar da resin polyester wanda ba shi da cikakken ruwa don samar da resin mai ɗauke da ruwa, zai rage farashin resin kuma zai magance matsalar samar da kariya ga muhalli.
Muna yin mu'amala da waɗannan samfuran resin: resin polyester mara cika;resin vinyl; resin gel mai rufewa; resin epoxy.
Muna kuma samarwafiberglass direct roving,tabarmar fiberglass, ragar fiberglass, kumarufin fiberglass da aka saka.
Tuntube mu:
Lambar waya:+8615823184699
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Email:marketing@frp-cqdj.com
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuni-08-2022
