1. Menene fiber gilashi?
Gilashin fibersana amfani da su sosai saboda ingancin su da kyawawan kaddarorin, galibi a cikin masana'antar hada-hadar. A farkon karni na 18, Turawa sun fahimci cewa gilashin za a iya jujjuya su cikin zaruruwa don saƙa. Akwatin gawar Sarkin Faransa Napoleon ya riga yana da yadudduka na ado da aka yi da sufiberglass. Gilashin fibers suna da duka filaments da gajerun zaruruwa ko flocs. Filayen gilashi galibi ana amfani da su a cikin kayan haɗaɗɗun abubuwa, samfuran roba, bel na jigilar kaya, bel ɗin tarpaulin, da sauransu. Ana amfani da gajerun zaruruwa a cikin abubuwan da ba saƙa, robobin injiniya da kayan haɗin gwiwa.
Gilashin fiber na kyawawan kaddarorin jiki da na inji, sauƙin ƙirƙira, da ƙarancin farashi idan aka kwatanta dacarbon fibersanya shi kayan da aka zaɓa don aikace-aikacen haɗaɗɗun ayyuka masu girma. Gilashin fibers sun ƙunshi oxides na silica. Gilashin fibers suna da kyawawan kaddarorin injina kamar kasancewar ƙasa mara ƙarfi, ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, ƙarancin ƙarfi da nauyi mai sauƙi.
Gilashin da aka ƙarfafa polymers ya ƙunshi babban nau'i na nau'i daban-daban na filaye na gilashi, irin su zaruruwa na tsayi, yankakken zaruruwa, kayan saƙa, dayankakken matsi, kuma ana amfani da su don inganta kayan aikin injiniya da tribological na polymer composites. Gilashin filaye na iya cimma babban rabo na farko na farko, amma raguwa na iya haifar da zaruruwa su karye yayin aiki.
1.halayen fiber gilashi
Babban halayen gilashin fiber sun haɗa da abubuwa masu zuwa:
Ba sauƙin sha ruwa ba:Gilashin fiber yana hana ruwa kuma bai dace da tufafi ba, saboda gumi ba zai sha ba, yana sa mai sutura ya jika; saboda abu bai shafe ruwa ba, ba zai ragu ba
Rashin ƙarfi:Saboda rashin elasticity, masana'anta yana da ɗanɗano mai mahimmanci da farfadowa. Sabili da haka, suna buƙatar maganin ƙasa don tsayayya da wrinkling.
Ƙarfin Ƙarfi:Fiberglass yana da ƙarfi sosai, kusan yana da ƙarfi kamar Kevlar. Duk da haka, idan zaruruwan suna shafa juna, suna karyewa kuma suna sa masana'anta su yi kama da kyan gani.
Insulation:A cikin gajeren nau'in fiber, fiberglass shine kyakkyawan insulator.
Ƙarfafawa:Zaɓuɓɓukan suna zazzagewa da kyau, suna sa su dace da labule.
Juriya mai zafi:Filayen gilashi suna da ƙarfin zafi mai zafi, suna iya jure yanayin zafi har zuwa 315 ° C, hasken rana ba su shafe su, bleach, kwayoyin cuta, mold, kwari ko alkalis.
Mai saukin kamuwa:Gilashin fibers suna shafar acid hydrofluoric da zafi phosphoric acid. Tun da fiber ɗin samfurin gilashi ne, ya kamata a kula da wasu danyen zaruruwan gilashin da hankali, kamar kayan da ake sanyawa gida, saboda ƙarshen fiber ɗin yana da rauni kuma yana iya huda fata, don haka yakamata a sanya safar hannu yayin sarrafa fiberglass.
3. Tsarin masana'anta na fiber gilashi
Gilashin fiberfiber ne wanda ba na ƙarfe ba wanda a halin yanzu ana amfani da shi azaman kayan masana'antu. Gabaɗaya, ainihin albarkatun fiber gilashin sun haɗa da ma'adanai daban-daban na halitta da sinadarai na ɗan adam, manyan abubuwan da aka haɗa sune yashi silica, farar ƙasa da ash soda.
Yashi na siliki yana aiki azaman tsohuwar gilashi, yayin da soda ash da limestone yana taimakawa rage yawan zafin jiki na narkewa. Ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun haɓakar haɓakar thermal haɗe tare da ƙarancin ƙarancin zafin jiki idan aka kwatanta da asbestos da zaruruwan kwayoyin halitta suna sa fiberglass ya zama wani abu mai tsayin daka wanda ke watsar da zafi da sauri.
Gilashin fibersana samar da su ta hanyar narkewa kai tsaye, wanda ya haɗa da matakai kamar haɗawa, narkewa, juyawa, sutura, bushewa, da marufi. Batch shine yanayin farko na masana'antar gilashin, wanda adadin kayan ya haɗu sosai sannan a aika da cakuda zuwa tanderun don narkewa a babban zafin jiki na 1400 ° C. Wannan zafin jiki ya isa ya canza yashi da sauran sinadaran zuwa yanayin narkakkar; narkakkar gilashin sai ya kwarara zuwa cikin mai tacewa kuma zazzabi ya ragu zuwa 1370 ° C.
A lokacin jujjuyawar filayen gilashi, narkakkar gilashin yana fita ta hannun riga mai ramuka masu kyau. An ɗora farantin layi na lantarki ta hanyar lantarki kuma ana sarrafa zafinsa don kula da danko akai-akai. An yi amfani da jet na ruwa don kwantar da filament yayin da yake fita daga hannun riga a zazzabi na kusan 1204 ° C.
Gilashin narkakkar da aka fitar an zana shi da injina cikin filaments tare da diamita daga 4 μm zuwa 34 μm. Ana ba da tashin hankali ta amfani da babban injin iska kuma an jawo narkakken gilashin cikin filaments. A mataki na ƙarshe, ana amfani da suturar sinadarai na lubricants, masu ɗaure da masu haɗakarwa zuwa filaments. Lubrication yana taimakawa kare filaments daga abrasion yayin da ake tattara su kuma ana raunata su cikin fakiti. Bayan girman, ana bushe zaruruwa a cikin tanda; Filayen suna shirye don ƙarin sarrafawa zuwa yankakken zaruruwa, rovings ko yadudduka.
4.aikace-aikace na gilashin fiber
Fiberglas wani abu ne wanda ba ya ƙonewa kuma yana riƙe kusan 25% na ƙarfin farko a 540 ° C. Yawancin sinadarai suna da ɗan tasiri akan filayen gilashi. Gilashin inorganic fiberglass ba zai gyaggyarawa ko lalacewa ba. Gilashin fibers suna shafar acid hydrofluoric, acid phosphoric mai zafi da abubuwa masu ƙarfi na alkaline.
Yana da kyakkyawan kayan kariya na lantarki.Fiberglass yaduddukasuna da kaddarorin kamar ƙarancin ɗanɗano mai ƙarfi, ƙarfin ƙarfi, juriya mai zafi da ƙarancin dielectric akai-akai, yana mai da su ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfafawa don allunan kewaye da bugu da insulating varnishes.
Matsakaicin ƙarfin ƙarfi-da-nauyi na fiberglass ya sa ya zama kyakkyawan abu don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ƙarfin ƙarfi da ƙarancin nauyi. A cikin nau'i na yadi, wannan ƙarfin zai iya zama unidirectional ko bidirectional, yana ba da damar sassauƙa a cikin ƙira da farashi don aikace-aikacen da yawa a cikin kasuwar mota, ginin farar hula, kayan wasanni, sararin samaniya, ruwa, lantarki, Gida da makamashin iska.
Ana kuma amfani da su wajen kera abubuwan da aka tsara, allunan da'ira da kuma samfuran maƙasudi daban-daban. Yawan fiber gilashin da ake samarwa a duniya a duk shekara yana da kusan tan miliyan 4.5, kuma manyan masu kera su ne China (kaso 60% na kasuwa), Amurka da Tarayyar Turai.
Chongqing Dujiang Composites Co., Ltd.
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Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-29-2022
